01 - Preheat the oven to 400°F. Lightly grease a 2-quart baking dish.
02 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add cauliflower and broccoli florets and cook for 3 to 4 minutes until just tender. Drain thoroughly and set aside.
03 - In a medium saucepan over medium heat, melt butter. Whisk in flour and cook, stirring continuously, for one minute.
04 - Gradually whisk in the milk until the mixture is smooth and slightly thickened, approximately 3 to 4 minutes.
05 - Remove from heat. Stir in cheddar, Gruyère, Dijon mustard, nutmeg, salt, and pepper until cheeses have melted and sauce is smooth.
06 - Place the drained cauliflower and broccoli evenly in the prepared baking dish. Pour the cheese sauce evenly over the vegetables.
07 - In a small bowl, mix Parmesan cheese, breadcrumbs, and olive oil. Sprinkle this mixture evenly over the gratin.
08 - Bake for 25 to 30 minutes until the topping is golden brown and the gratin is bubbling.
09 - Allow the gratin to rest for five minutes before serving.