01 - In a bowl, combine flour, powdered sugar, and salt. Add cold butter and rub in with fingertips or use a pastry cutter until mixture resembles coarse crumbs. Add egg yolk and cold water; mix just until dough comes together. Shape into a disk, wrap in plastic, and refrigerate for 30 minutes.
02 - Preheat oven to 375°F. Roll dough on a lightly floured surface to fit a 9-inch tart pan. Press into pan and trim excess. Prick base with a fork. Line with parchment and fill with pie weights or dried beans. Bake for 15 minutes, then remove weights and parchment and bake an additional 8 to 10 minutes until golden. Cool completely.
03 - In a heatproof bowl, whisk sugar, eggs, egg yolks, lemon juice, lemon zest, and salt. Place bowl over a saucepan of simmering water to create a double boiler. Whisk constantly until mixture thickens and reaches 170°F, about 8 to 10 minutes. Remove from heat and whisk in butter cubes gradually until smooth.
04 - Pour lemon filling into cooled tart shell and smooth the surface. Refrigerate for at least 2 hours or until set. Serve chilled, optionally garnished with whipped cream or fresh berries.